Where marine cargo claims fail on evidence: time-bars, certificates, surveys — and the evidence packet that makes a claim defensible.
For: Broker · Compliance officer
Indian law routes marine cargo losses of ₹1 lakh or more through a licensed surveyor, and the 2024 Master Circular sets the tempo: surveyor allocated within 24 hours, report within 15 days, decision…
General average makes every cargo owner on a voyage pay a share of sacrifices made to save it, and the ship releases cargo only against security: a general average bond from the receiver plus either…
India's sea-carriage statute book turned over on one day: the Carriage of Goods by Sea Act, 2025 and the Bills of Lading Act, 2025 both came into force on 10 September 2025, repealing the 1925…
India's cargo-claim clocks extinguish rights rather than merely bar remedies: suit against a sea carrier within one year of delivery under the Carriage of Goods by Sea Act 2025, and against a…
An open cover insures only what is declared into it, and a Certificate of Insurance is only as good as its declared value. UCP 600 Article 28(f)(ii) sets the floor at 110% of CIF; Section 81 of the…
Marine cargo claim denials in India cluster into four evidence families, not exotic perils: premium timing under Section 64VB of the Insurance Act 1938, policy exclusions such as ICC clause 4.3 on…